Manley Angell James VC DSO MBE MC

b. 12/07/1896 140 High St, Odiham, Hampshire. d. 23/09/1975 Westbury upon Trym, Avon.

Manley Angell James (1896-1975) was born at 140 High Street, Odiham, Hampshire on 12th July 1896. His father, John Angell James MRCS LRCP was medical assistant and surgical assistant at the General Hospital, Birmingham and later house surgeon at Queen’s Hospital, Birmingham. He was commissioned as a surgeon lieutenant serving with 1st Volunteer Battalion, Hampshire Regiment on 22nd May 1901 and was promoted to surgeon captain in 1904. John married Emily Cormell nee Ashwin at St James’s Church, Alveston, Warwickshire on 9th August 1893. They later lived in Odiham (where Manley was born), and Bristol. Manley had four siblings.

Manley was educated at Robert May’s Grammar School in Odiham (also attended by William Robert Fountaine Addison VC) and Bristol Grammar School, where he was also a sergeant in the Officer Training Corps. He gained a place for medical school at Bristol University in the autumn of 1914 but did not take it up due to the outbreak of war. He was also a keen sportsman particularly in cricket, hockey and rugby.

Manley A James
VC DSO MBE MC

In August 1914 Manley volunteered for service in the British Army and was commissioned as a temporary second lieutenant into the 8th (Service) Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment on 1st December, and was posted to France on the 18 July 1915, promoted to temporary lieutenant on 28 June 1915 and was put in command of the battalion’s Lewis gun detachment.

In July 1916 the Battalion was engaged in the Battle of the Somme, specifically in the capture of La Boiselle. James was wounded in this action and evacuated to England for treatment. His CO, Adrian Carton de Wiart was awarded the VC for the action. Manley was mentioned in despatches for his handling of the battalion’s Lewis guns.

He returned to his battalion December 1916, but was again wounded, by shrapnel, in February 1917, and in April he again was mentioned in despatches. Promoted to acting captain, he fought in the Battle of Messines where, now commanding ‘A’ Company, he was slightly wounded and awarded the Military Cross after another battalion had failed to capture Druid’s Farm, a strong locality near Junction Buildings, the Gloucester’s attacked on a wide front and were completely successful. He rallied disorganised troops, led them to the position, and finally carried out a reconnaissance of the whole line under heavy shell and rifle fire, allowing him to send vital information to his CO.

The German Army launched its Spring Offensive in March 1918 with the aim of cutting off the BEF, deployed mainly in northern Belgium, from the French Army in the south. On 21st March 1918, near Velu Wood, France, Captain James led his company forward. The 57th Brigade put up a most determined fight around Beaumetz before withdrawing. The fact that they were able to withdraw at all was due to the heroism of the small isolated covering parties who were left out to cover the withdrawal. In two known instances these parties fought to the last man. One was a party of Gloucester’s commanded by Captain M. Angell James MC who, wounded and unconscious, was found in a shell hole by the Germans. He has suffered wounds to the neck, jaw, shoulder and stomach. He was treated in hospitals in Valenciennes and Stralkowo Camp near Posen and was then held in camps at Rastatt and Schwerdintz in Silesia. He would be repatriated on Christmas Day 1918. He was awarded the VC and at the close of war returned from captivity in Germany to his home in Bristol.

He was invested with his VC by King George V at Buckingham Palace on 22 February 1919.He was discharged in October 1919 against his wishes and after considerable representation Captain James received a permanent Regular Army commission as a lieutenant in the Gloucestershire Regiment. He served in Silesia with the Army of Occupation in 1922 and at Cologne in 1923. In 1925 he served as adjutant of the 1st Battalion, Glosters until 1928.

In 1926 he became engaged to Noreen Cooper, and they married two years later on 28th April 1928 and had a son, Peter in 1930. He served with the battalion in Egypt between 1928–30 before returning to the regimental depot in Bristol. In June 1930 he entered the Staff College, Camberley, graduating the following year. He returned to the 1st Glosters as a company commander in 1933 and from November 1934 to December 1936 he was a general staff officer (GSO) with Western Command. Promoted to major on 25 December 1936, he served as brigade major with the 13th Infantry Brigade, then under Northern Command. In January 1939 he transferred to the Royal Sussex Regiment and, promoted to lieutenant colonel, became Commanding Officer (CO) of the regiment’s 2nd Battalion, then serving in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

In March 1940 he became a GSO1 and served on the staff of the 54th (East Anglian) Infantry Division. In July he was promoted to brigadier, and served on the staff of VIII Corps. In February 1941 he was assigned as CO of the 128th Infantry Brigade, then serving as part of the 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division and composed of three battalions of the Hampshire Regiment. In August 1942 the 43rd Division was reorganised as a ‘mixed’ division and the 128th Brigade transferred to the 46th Infantry Division.

After months spent training in desert warfare, he led the brigade overseas to North Africa during Operation Torch in early 1943, where it fought in the Tunisian Campaign with distinction, earning him a Distinguished Service Order. This came in halting an enemy attack at Beja on 26th February 1943. The campaign came to an end in mid-May 1943, with the surrender of thousands of Axis soldiers. The brigade then, after initially being held in reserve for the Allied invasion of Sicily, settled down for training before taking part in the Allied invasion of Italy where his brigade sustained very heavy casualties and he himself was badly wounded in the leg and evacuated to a hospital ship to Egypt. In 1944 he was assigned to the General Staff of Middle East Command, and was transferred to the General Staff for Training Home Forces. Finally, in 1945, he became the CO for the 140th Infantry Brigade.

Between 1948 and 1951 he was the Director of Ground Defence for the Air Ministry. In 1951 he retired from the military at the rank of brigadier. He was employed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company Ltd at Filton, near Bristol as Works Defence Officer between 1951-1961. He was awarded an MBE for his work there in 1958. He was appointed Deputy Lieutenant of Gloucestershire in 1956 and Avon in 1974. He attended all the VC and GC Association Reunions between 1958 and 1974, except for 1968. He was elected the President of the Shakespeare Club of Bristol in 1965.

Manley died at his home, 101 Passage Road, Westbury on Trym at the age of 79 on 23rd September 1975, and was cremated at Canford Crematorium, and his ashes scattered in Memorial Bed 12 of the Garden of Remembrance. He is commemorated with Manley James Close in Odiham, and there is also a blue plaque on his house at 140 High Street in Odiham, dedicated in May 2013.

In addition to his VC, DSO, MBE and MC, he was awarded the 1914-15 Star, British War Medal 1914-20, Victory Medal 1914-19 with Mentioned in Despatches oakleaf, 1939-45 Star, Africa Star with 1st Army clasp, Italy Star, Defence Medal, War Medal 1939-45, George VI Coronation Medal 1937, Elizabeth II Coronation Medal 1953, and Civil Defence Long Service Medal. His medals were stolen from his home in 1971 and he offered a reward of £100. The medals were later recovered, and the thief was sentenced to six years in prison. His medals including the VC, DSO, MBE and MC were purchased at auction at Christie’s, London on 21st October 1991 for £37,400. The purchaser was Michael Ashcroft.

LOCATION OF MEDAL: LORD ASHCROFT COLLECTION.

BURIAL PLACE: CANFORD CEMETERY, WESTBURY-ON-TRYM, GLOUCS.

ASHES SCATTERED IN MEMORIAL BED 12 IN THE SHRUBBERIES.